in which these resulta are provisional appliances of work. And many of these, together with the great part of those well-meaning persons who exploit the sciences for purposes of edification, such as clergymen and naturalistic myth-makers, still personify the process of cause and effect and find in it a well-advised meliorative trend. But that work of research which effectually extends the borders of scientific knowledge is nearly all done under the guidance of highly impersonal, mechanical, morally and sesthetically colorless conceptions of causal sequence. And this scientific work is carried out only in those communities which are in due contact with the modem mechanically organized industrial system, — only under the shadow of the machine technology.
I In the nature of the case the cultioral growth I dominated by the machine industry is of a scep[ tical, mattei^of-fact complexion, materialistic, imi moral, unpatriotic, undevout. The growth of habits of thought. La the industrial regions and centres particularly, runs in this direction; but hitherto there haa enough of the ancient norms of Western Christendom remained intact to make a very respectable protest against that deterioration of the cultural tissues which the ferment of the machine industry unremittingly pushes on. The machine discipline, however, touches wider and wider circles
CIVILIZATION AND THE MACHINE PROCESS 373