Tsze-chang asked, saying, “The minister Tsze Wǎn thrice took office, and manifested no joy in his countenance. Thrice he retired from office, and manifested no displeasure. He made it a point to inform the new minister of the way in which he had conducted the government;—what do you say of him?” The Master replied. “He was loyal.” “Was he perfectly virtuous?” “I do not know. How can he be pronounced perfectly virtuous?”
Tsze-chang proceeded, “When the officer Ch’ûi killed the prince of Ch’î, Ch’ǎn Wǎn, though he was the owner of forty horses, abandoned them and left the country. Coming to another State, he said, ‘They are here like our great officer, Ch’ûi,’ and left it. He came to a second State, and with the same observation left it also;—what do you say of him?” The Master replied, “He was pure.” “Was he perfectly virtuous?” “I do not know. How can he be pronounced perfectly virtuous?”