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nydus/The Origin of SpeciesPublic

A distinguished amateur scientist lays out the evidence for the origin of species by means of natural selection.

Page 18 of 664
Table of Contents

An Historical Sketch of the Progress of Opinion on the Origin of Species, Previously to the Publication of the First Edition of This Work

principle of finality, “ puissance mystérieuse, indéterminée; fatalité pour les uns; pour les autres volonté providentielle, dont l’action incessante sur les êtres vivantes détermine, à toutes les époques de l’existence du monde, la forme, le volume, et la dureé de chacun d’eux, en raison de sa destinée dans l’ordre de choses dont il fait partie. C’est cette puissance qui harmonise chaque membre à l’ensemble, en l’appropriant à la fonction qu’il doit remplir dans l’organisme général de la nature, fonction qui est pour lui sa raison d’être. ”

In 1853 a celebrated geologist, Count Keyserling ( Bulletin de la Soc. Géolog. , 2nd Ser. , tom. x , page 357), suggested that as new diseases, supposed to have been caused by some miasma have arisen and spread over the world, so at certain periods the germs of existing species may have been chemically affected by circumambient molecules of a particular nature, and thus have given rise to new forms.

In this same year, 1853 , Dr. Schaaffhausen published an excellent pamphlet ( Verhand. des Naturhist. Vereins der Preuss. Rheinlands , etc. ), in which he maintains the development of organic forms on the earth. He infers that many species have kept true for long periods, whereas a few have become modified. The distinction of species he explains by the destruction of intermediate graduated forms. “Thus living plants and animals are not separated from the extinct by new creations, but are to be regarded as their descendants through continued reproduction.”

A well-known French botanist, M. Lecoq, writes in 1854 ( Etudes sur Geograph Bot. tom. i , page 250), “ On voit que nos recherches sur la fixité ou la variation de l’espèce, nous conduisent directement aux idées émises par deux hommes justement célèbres, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire et Goethe. ” Some other passages scattered through M. Lecoq’s large work make it a little doubtful how far he extends his views on the modification of species.

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