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Page 26 of 664

Table of Contents

Table of Contents109

Cover
Title pagep. 1
Copyrightp. 2
Table of Contentspp. 3-8
Epigraphp. 9
An Historical Sketch of the Progress of Opinion on the Origin of Species, Previously to the Publication of the First Edition of This Workpp. 10-20
Introductionpp. 21-25
Ip. 26
Causes of Variabilitypp. 27-30
Effects of Habit and of the Use or Disuse of Parts; Correlated Variation; Inheritancepp. 31-35
Character of Domestic Varieties; Difficulty of Distinguishing Between Varieties and Species; Origin of Domestic Varieties from One or More Speciespp. 36-40
Breeds of the Domestic Pigeon, Their Differences and Originpp. 41-48
Principles of Selection Anciently Followed, and Their Effectspp. 49-53
Unconscious Selectionpp. 54-59
Circumstances Favourable to Man’s Power of Selectionpp. 60-63
IIp. 64
Individual Differencespp. 65-67
Doubtful Speciespp. 68-76
Wide-Ranging, Much Diffused, and Common Species Vary Mostpp. 77-78
- Page 7777
- Page 7878
Species of the Larger Genera in Each Country Vary More Frequently Than the Species of the Smaller Generapp. 79-81
Many of the Species Included Within the Larger Genera Resemble Varieties in Being Very Closely, but Unequally, Related to Each Other, and in Having Restricted Rangespp. 82-84
Summarypp. 85-86
- Page 8585
- Page 8686
IIIp. 87
The Term, Struggle for Existence, Used in a Large Sensep. 88
Geometrical Ratio of Increasepp. 89-92
Nature of the Checks to Increasepp. 93-96
Complex Relations of All Animals and Plants to Each Other in the Struggle for Existencepp. 97-101
Struggle for Life Most Severe Between Individuals and Varieties of the Same Speciespp. 102-106
IVp. 107
Sexual Selectionpp. 108-110
Illustrations of the Action of Natural Selection, or the Survival of the Fittestpp. 111-119
On the Intercrossing of Individualspp. 120-124
Circumstances Favourable for the Production of New Forms Through Natural Selectionpp. 125-132
Extinction Caused by Natural Selectionpp. 133-134
- Page 133133
- Page 134134
Divergence of Characterpp. 135-139
The Probable Effects of the Action of Natural Selection Through Divergence of Character and Extinction, on the Descendants of a Common Ancestorpp. 140-149
On the Degree to Which Organisation Tends to Advancepp. 150-154
Convergence of Characterpp. 155-157
Summary of Chapterpp. 158-170
Vp. 171
Effects of the Increased Use and Disuse of Parts, as Controlled by Natural Selectionpp. 172-177
Acclimatisationpp. 178-181
Correlated Variationpp. 182-185
Compensation and Economy of Growthpp. 186-187
- Page 186186
- Page 187187
Multiple, Rudimentary, and Lowly-Organised Structures Are Variablep. 188
A Part Developed in Any Species in an Extraordinary Degree or Manner, in Comparison with the Same Part in Allied Species, Tends to Be Highly Variablepp. 189-192
Specific Characters More Variable Than Generic Characterspp. 193-194
- Page 193193
- Page 194194
Secondary Sexual Characters Variablepp. 195-197
Distinct Species Present Analogous Variations, So That a Variety of One Species Often Assumes a Character Proper to an Allied Species, or Reverts to Some of the Characters of an Early Progenitorpp. 198-205
Summarypp. 206-210
VIp. 211
On the Absence or Rarity of Transitional Varietiespp. 212-218
On the Origin and Transition of Organic Beings with Peculiar Habits and Structurepp. 219-226
Organs of Extreme Perfection and Complicationpp. 227-231
Modes of Transitionpp. 232-235
Special Difficulties of the Theory of Natural Selectionpp. 236-244
Organs of Little Apparent Importance, as Affected by Natural Selectionpp. 245-248
Utilitarian Doctrine, How Far True: Beauty, How Acquiredpp. 249-254
Summary: The Law of Unity of Type and of the Conditions of Existence Embraced by the Theory of Natural Selectionpp. 255-259
VIIpp. 260-317
VIIIp. 318
Inherited Changes of Habit or Instinct in Domesticated Animalspp. 319-322
Special Instinctsp. 323
Instincts of the Cuckoopp. 324-329
Slave-Making Instinctpp. 330-334
Cell-Making Instinct of the Hive-Beepp. 335-345
Objections to the Theory of Natural Selection as Applied to Instincts: Neuter and Sterile Insectspp. 346-353
Summarypp. 354-360
IXp. 361
Degrees of Sterilitypp. 362-368
Laws Governing the Sterility of First Crosses and of Hybridspp. 369-376
Origin and Causes of the Sterility of First Crosses and of Hybridspp. 377-384
Reciprocal Dimorphism and Trimorphismpp. 385-389
Fertility of Varieties When Crossed, and of Their Mongrel Offspring, Not Universalpp. 390-395
Hybrids and Mongrels Compared, Independently of Their Fertilitypp. 396-399
Summary of Chapterpp. 400-403
Xp. 404
On the Lapse of Time, as Inferred from the Rate of Deposition and Extent of Denudationpp. 405-409
On the Poorness of Palaeontological Collectionspp. 410-416
On the Absence of Numerous Intermediate Varieties in Any Single Formationpp. 417-427
On the Sudden Appearance of Whole Groups of Allied Speciespp. 428-433
On the Sudden Appearance of Groups of Allied Species in the Lowest Known Fossiliferous Stratapp. 434-441
XIp. 442
On Extinctionpp. 443-447
On the Forms of Life Changing Almost Simultaneously Throughout the Worldpp. 448-452
On the Affinities of Extinct Species to Each Other, and to Living Formspp. 453-460
On the State of Development of Ancient Compared with Living Formspp. 461-465
On the Succession of the Same Types Within the Same Areas, During the Later Tertiary Periodspp. 466-468
Summary of the Preceding and Present Chapterspp. 469-476
XIIp. 477
Single Centres of Supposed Creationpp. 478-481
Means of Dispersalpp. 482-491
Dispersal During the Glacial Periodpp. 492-498
Alternate Glacial Periods in the North and Southpp. 499-515
XIIIp. 516
Freshwater Productionspp. 517-522
On the Inhabitants of Oceanic Islandspp. 523-526
Absence of Batrachians and Terrestrial Mammals on Oceanic Islandspp. 527-531
On the Relations of the Inhabitants of Islands to Those of the Nearest Mainlandpp. 532-539
Summary of the Last and Present Chapterspp. 540-543
XIVp. 544
Analogical Resemblancespp. 545-550
On the Nature of the Affinities Connecting Organic Beingspp. 551-555
Morphologypp. 556-561
Development and Embryologypp. 562-576
Rudimentary, Atrophied, and Aborted Organspp. 577-585
Summarypp. 586-602
XVpp. 603-641
Glossary of the Principal Scientific Terms Used in the Present Volumepp. 642-663
Colophonp. 664
Back cover

Table of Contents109

Cover
Title pagep. 1
Copyrightp. 2
Table of Contentspp. 3-8
Epigraphp. 9
An Historical Sketch of the Progress of Opinion on the Origin of Species, Previously to the Publication of the First Edition of This Workpp. 10-20
Introductionpp. 21-25
Ip. 26
Causes of Variabilitypp. 27-30
Effects of Habit and of the Use or Disuse of Parts; Correlated Variation; Inheritancepp. 31-35
Character of Domestic Varieties; Difficulty of Distinguishing Between Varieties and Species; Origin of Domestic Varieties from One or More Speciespp. 36-40
Breeds of the Domestic Pigeon, Their Differences and Originpp. 41-48
Principles of Selection Anciently Followed, and Their Effectspp. 49-53
Unconscious Selectionpp. 54-59
Circumstances Favourable to Man’s Power of Selectionpp. 60-63
IIp. 64
Individual Differencespp. 65-67
Doubtful Speciespp. 68-76
Wide-Ranging, Much Diffused, and Common Species Vary Mostpp. 77-78
- Page 7777
- Page 7878
Species of the Larger Genera in Each Country Vary More Frequently Than the Species of the Smaller Generapp. 79-81
Many of the Species Included Within the Larger Genera Resemble Varieties in Being Very Closely, but Unequally, Related to Each Other, and in Having Restricted Rangespp. 82-84
Summarypp. 85-86
- Page 8585
- Page 8686
IIIp. 87
The Term, Struggle for Existence, Used in a Large Sensep. 88
Geometrical Ratio of Increasepp. 89-92
Nature of the Checks to Increasepp. 93-96
Complex Relations of All Animals and Plants to Each Other in the Struggle for Existencepp. 97-101
Struggle for Life Most Severe Between Individuals and Varieties of the Same Speciespp. 102-106
IVp. 107
Sexual Selectionpp. 108-110
Illustrations of the Action of Natural Selection, or the Survival of the Fittestpp. 111-119
On the Intercrossing of Individualspp. 120-124
Circumstances Favourable for the Production of New Forms Through Natural Selectionpp. 125-132
Extinction Caused by Natural Selectionpp. 133-134
- Page 133133
- Page 134134
Divergence of Characterpp. 135-139
The Probable Effects of the Action of Natural Selection Through Divergence of Character and Extinction, on the Descendants of a Common Ancestorpp. 140-149
On the Degree to Which Organisation Tends to Advancepp. 150-154
Convergence of Characterpp. 155-157
Summary of Chapterpp. 158-170
Vp. 171
Effects of the Increased Use and Disuse of Parts, as Controlled by Natural Selectionpp. 172-177
Acclimatisationpp. 178-181
Correlated Variationpp. 182-185
Compensation and Economy of Growthpp. 186-187
- Page 186186
- Page 187187
Multiple, Rudimentary, and Lowly-Organised Structures Are Variablep. 188
A Part Developed in Any Species in an Extraordinary Degree or Manner, in Comparison with the Same Part in Allied Species, Tends to Be Highly Variablepp. 189-192
Specific Characters More Variable Than Generic Characterspp. 193-194
- Page 193193
- Page 194194
Secondary Sexual Characters Variablepp. 195-197
Distinct Species Present Analogous Variations, So That a Variety of One Species Often Assumes a Character Proper to an Allied Species, or Reverts to Some of the Characters of an Early Progenitorpp. 198-205
Summarypp. 206-210
VIp. 211
On the Absence or Rarity of Transitional Varietiespp. 212-218
On the Origin and Transition of Organic Beings with Peculiar Habits and Structurepp. 219-226
Organs of Extreme Perfection and Complicationpp. 227-231
Modes of Transitionpp. 232-235
Special Difficulties of the Theory of Natural Selectionpp. 236-244
Organs of Little Apparent Importance, as Affected by Natural Selectionpp. 245-248
Utilitarian Doctrine, How Far True: Beauty, How Acquiredpp. 249-254
Summary: The Law of Unity of Type and of the Conditions of Existence Embraced by the Theory of Natural Selectionpp. 255-259
VIIpp. 260-317
VIIIp. 318
Inherited Changes of Habit or Instinct in Domesticated Animalspp. 319-322
Special Instinctsp. 323
Instincts of the Cuckoopp. 324-329
Slave-Making Instinctpp. 330-334
Cell-Making Instinct of the Hive-Beepp. 335-345
Objections to the Theory of Natural Selection as Applied to Instincts: Neuter and Sterile Insectspp. 346-353
Summarypp. 354-360
IXp. 361
Degrees of Sterilitypp. 362-368
Laws Governing the Sterility of First Crosses and of Hybridspp. 369-376
Origin and Causes of the Sterility of First Crosses and of Hybridspp. 377-384
Reciprocal Dimorphism and Trimorphismpp. 385-389
Fertility of Varieties When Crossed, and of Their Mongrel Offspring, Not Universalpp. 390-395
Hybrids and Mongrels Compared, Independently of Their Fertilitypp. 396-399
Summary of Chapterpp. 400-403
Xp. 404
On the Lapse of Time, as Inferred from the Rate of Deposition and Extent of Denudationpp. 405-409
On the Poorness of Palaeontological Collectionspp. 410-416
On the Absence of Numerous Intermediate Varieties in Any Single Formationpp. 417-427
On the Sudden Appearance of Whole Groups of Allied Speciespp. 428-433
On the Sudden Appearance of Groups of Allied Species in the Lowest Known Fossiliferous Stratapp. 434-441
XIp. 442
On Extinctionpp. 443-447
On the Forms of Life Changing Almost Simultaneously Throughout the Worldpp. 448-452
On the Affinities of Extinct Species to Each Other, and to Living Formspp. 453-460
On the State of Development of Ancient Compared with Living Formspp. 461-465
On the Succession of the Same Types Within the Same Areas, During the Later Tertiary Periodspp. 466-468
Summary of the Preceding and Present Chapterspp. 469-476
XIIp. 477
Single Centres of Supposed Creationpp. 478-481
Means of Dispersalpp. 482-491
Dispersal During the Glacial Periodpp. 492-498
Alternate Glacial Periods in the North and Southpp. 499-515
XIIIp. 516
Freshwater Productionspp. 517-522
On the Inhabitants of Oceanic Islandspp. 523-526
Absence of Batrachians and Terrestrial Mammals on Oceanic Islandspp. 527-531
On the Relations of the Inhabitants of Islands to Those of the Nearest Mainlandpp. 532-539
Summary of the Last and Present Chapterspp. 540-543
XIVp. 544
Analogical Resemblancespp. 545-550
On the Nature of the Affinities Connecting Organic Beingspp. 551-555
Morphologypp. 556-561
Development and Embryologypp. 562-576
Rudimentary, Atrophied, and Aborted Organspp. 577-585
Summarypp. 586-602
XVpp. 603-641
Glossary of the Principal Scientific Terms Used in the Present Volumepp. 642-663
Colophonp. 664
Back cover

I

Variation Under Domestication

26

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