Supreme Justice Brandeis, previously quoted, ap¬ pears to give a racial basis to the fact of nationality.
He says: “It is no answer to this evidence of nationality to declare that the Jews are not an abso¬ lutely pure race. There has, of course, been some in¬ termixture of foreign blood in the three thousand years which constitute our historic period. But, owing to persecution and prejudice, the intermarriages with non-Jews which have occurred have resulted mere¬ ly in taking away many from the Jewish community. Intermarriage has brought few additions. Therefore the percentage of foreign blood in the Jews of today is very low. Probably no important European race is as pure. But common race is only one of the elements which determine nationality.”
Arthur D. Lewis, a Jewish writer, in his “The Jews a Nation,” also bases nationality on the racial element:
“The Jews were originally a nation, and have re- tained more than most nations one of the elements of nationality—namely, the race element; this may be proved, of course, by the common sense test of their distinguishability. You can more easily see that a Jew is a Jew than that an Englishman is English.”
Moses Hess is also quite clear on this point. He writes of the impossibility of Jews denying “their racial descent,” and says: “Jewish noses cannot be re¬ formed, and the black, wavy hair of the Jews will not turn through conversion into blond, nor can its curves be straightened out by constant combing. The Jew¬ ish race is one of the primary races of mankind that has retained its integrity, in spite of the continual change of its climatic environment, and the Jewish type has conserved its purity through the centuries.”
Jessie E. Sampter, in the “Guide to Zionism,” re¬ counting the history of^the work done for Zionism in the United States, says: “And this