has its weight increased by 252·458 grains. Of the grains so determined, 7000 are a pound averdupois, and 5760 a pound troy. The first pound is always used, except in weighing precious metals and stones, and also medicines. It is divided as follows:
AVERDUPOIS WEIGHT.
| 27 | ¹¹/₃₂ | grains are | 1 dram | 1 dr. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | drams , or drachms | 1 ounce [41] | 1 oz. | |
| 16 | ounces | 1 pound | 1 lb. | |
| 28 | pounds | 1 quarter | 1 qr. | |
| 4 | quarters | 1 hundred-weight | 1 cwt. | |
| 20 | hundred-weight | 1 ton | 1 ton. |
The pound averdupois contains 7000 grains. A cubic foot of water weighs 62·3210606 pounds averdupois, or 997·1369691 ounces.
For the precious metals and for medicines, the pound troy, containing 5760 grains, is used, but is differently divided in the two cases. The measures are as follow:
TROY WEIGHT.
| 24 | grains are | 1 pennyweight | 1 dwt. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | pennyweights | 1 ounce | 1 oz. |
| 12 | ounces | 1 pound | 1 lb. |
The pound troy contains 5760 grains. A cubic foot of water weighs 75·7374 pounds troy, or 908·8488 ounces.
APOTHECARIES’ WEIGHT.
| 20 | grains are | 1 scruple | ℈ |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | scruples | 1 dram | ʒ |
| 8 | drams | 1 ounce | ℥ |
| 12 | ounces | 1 pound | lb |
- The standard coins of copper, silver, and gold, are,—the penny, which is 10⅔ drams of copper; the shilling, which weighs 3 pennyweights 15 grains, of which 3 parts out of 40 are alloy, and the rest pure silver; and the sovereign, weighing 5 pennyweights and 3¼ grains, of which 1 part out of 12 is copper, and the rest pure gold.
MEASURES OF MONEY.
The lowest coin is a