Ground which is reached through narrow gorges, and from which we can only retire by tortuous paths, so that a small number of the enemy would suffice to crush a large body of our men: this is hemmed in ground.

Ground on which we can only be saved from destruction by fighting without delay, is desperate ground. 580

On dispersive ground, therefore, fight not. On facile ground, halt not. On contentious ground, attack not. 581

On open ground, do not try to block the enemy’s way. 582 On the ground of intersecting highways, join hands with your allies. 583

On serious ground, gather in plunder. 584 In difficult ground, keep steadily on the march. 585