Hay del SABER dos géneros; uno de los cuales es el Saber De Hecho: y el otro el Saber De La Consecuencia De Una Afirmación Respecto a Otra.
El primero no es otra cosa que Sentido y Memoria, y es Saber Absoluto; como cuando vemos que un Hecho se realiza, o lo recordamos ya realizado: Y este es el Saber que se le exige a un Testigo.
El último se llama Ciencia; y es Condicional; como cuando sabemos que, Si La Figura Mostrada Es Un Círculo, Entonces Cualquier Línea Recta Que Pase Por El Centro La Dividirá En Dos Partes Iguales. Y este es el Saber que se le exige a un Filósofo; es decir, a aquel que hace profesión de Razonar.
El Registro del Conocimiento de Hecho se llama Historia. De la cual hay dos clases:
- una llamada Historia Natural; que es la Historia de aquellos Hechos, o Efectos de la Naturaleza, que no tienen Dependencia de la Voluntad del Hombre; Tales son las Historias de los Metales, Plantas, Animales, Regiones, y cosas semejantes.
- La otra es la Historia Civil; que es la Historia de las Acciones Voluntarias de los hombres en las Mancomunidades.
Los Registros de Ciencia son aquellos libros que contienen las demostraciones de las consecuencias de una afirmación respecto a otra; y se denominan comúnmente libros de filosofía; cuyas clases son muchas, según la diversidad de la materia; y pueden dividirse de la manera en que los he dividido en la siguiente Tabla.
I. Science, that is, Knowledge of Consequences; which is called also PHILOSOPHY
A. Consequences from Accidents of Bodies Naturall; which is
called NATURALL PHILOSOPHY
1. Consequences from the Accidents common to all Bodies Naturall;
which are Quantity, and Motion.
a. Consequences from Quantity, and Motion Indeterminate;
which, being the Principles or first foundation of
Philosophy, is called Philosophia Prima
PHILOSOPHIA PRIMA
b. Consequences from Motion, and Quantity Determined
1) Consequences from Quantity, and Motion Determined
a) By Figure, By Number
1] Mathematiques,
GEOMETRY
ARITHMETIQUE
2) Consequences from the Motion, and Quantity of Bodies in
Speciall
a) Consequences from the Motion, and Quantity of the
great parts of the World, as the Earth and Stars,
1] Cosmography
ASTRONOMY
GEOGRAPHY
b) Consequences from the Motion of Speciall kinds, and
Figures of Body,
1] Mechaniques, Doctrine of Weight
Science of
ENGINEERS
ARCHITECTURE
NAVIGATION
2. PHYSIQUES, or Consequences from Qualities
a. Consequences from the Qualities of Bodies Transient, such
as sometimes appear, sometimes vanish
METEOROLOGY
b. Consequences from the Qualities of Bodies Permanent
1) Consequences from the Qualities of the Starres
a) Consequences from the Light of the Starres. Out of
this, and the Motion of the Sunne, is made the
Science of
SCIOGRAPHY
b) Consequences from the Influence of the Starres,
ASTROLOGY
2) Consequences of the Qualities from Liquid Bodies that
fill the space between the Starres; such as are the
Ayre, or substance aetherial.
3) Consequences from Qualities of Bodies Terrestrial
a) Consequences from parts of the Earth that are
without Sense,
1] Consequences from Qualities of Minerals, as
Stones, Metals, &c
. 2] Consequences from the Qualities of Vegetables
b) Consequences from Qualities of Animals
1] Consequences from Qualities of Animals in
Generall
a] Consequences from Vision,
OPTIQUES
b] Consequences from Sounds,
MUSIQUE
c] Consequences from the rest of the senses
2] Consequences from Qualities of Men in Speciall
a] Consequences from Passions of Men,
ETHIQUES
b] Consequences from Speech,
i) In Magnifying, Vilifying, etc.
POETRY
ii) In Persuading,
RHETORIQUE
iii) In Reasoning,
LOGIQUE
iv) In Contracting,
The Science of
JUST and UNJUST
B. Consequences from the Accidents of Politique Bodies; which is
called POLITIQUES, and CIVILL PHILOSOPHY
1. Of Consequences from the Institution of COMMON-WEALTHS, to
the Rights, and Duties of the Body Politique, or Soveraign.
2. Of Consequences from the same, to the Duty and Right of
the Subjects.