worked down to water-level and costs are increasing.
In later years a rival supply has come from the French island of Madagascar, where conditions are more favorable to cheap production, and where reserves are very large. French, British, and Belgian interests are concerned in the development of these deposits. The quality of graphite is different from the Ceylon product; it has not found favor in the United States but is apparently satisfactory to crucible makers in Europe. Most of the output is exported to Great Britain and France, and smaller amounts to Germany and Belgium.
Less satisfactory supplies of crystalline graphite are available in many countries, including Bavaria, Canada, and Japan. Large deposits of crystalline material have been reported in Greenland, Brazil, and Roumania, but as yet have assumed no commercial importance.
Amorphous graphite is widely distributed, being produced in about twenty countries,—chiefly in Austria, Italy, Korea, and Mexico. Certain deposits have been found to be best for special uses, but most countries could get along with nearby supplies.
A large part of the world's needs of crucible graphite will probably continue to be met from Ceylon and Madagascar, while a large part of the amorphous graphite will come from the four sources mentioned.
The United States has been largely dependent upon importations from Ceylon for crucible graphite. Domestic supplies are large and capable of further development, but for the most part the flake is of such quality that it is not desired for crucible manufacture without large admixture of the Ceylon material. Restrictions during the war required crucible makers to use at least 20