CodalSearch this book — or all of Codal…⌘K
nydus/The Foundations of Science: Science and Hypothesis, The Value of Science, Science and MethodPublic

This collection compiles the scientific writings of Henri Poincaré, including *Science and Hypothesis*, *The Value of Science*, and *Science and Method*. The text explores the application of non-Euclidean geometry to theories of the universe and the possibility of alternative laws of nature.

Page 193 of 419
Table of Contents

PART I THE MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

Thus if S is suitably chosen, S + σ + will be a series σ´, and by making σ vary in all possible ways, we shall obtain all the possible series σ´.

Not yet knowing geometry, we limit ourselves to verifying all that, but here is how those who know geometry would explain the fact. In the beginning my finger is at the point M, in contact with the object a, which makes it feel the impression . I make the movements corresponding to the series S; I have said that this series should be suitably chosen, I should so make this choice that these movements carry the finger D to the point originally occupied by the finger , that is, to the point M; this finger D will thus be in contact with the object a, which will make it feel the impression A.

I then make the movements corresponding to the series σ; in these movements, by hypothesis, the position of the finger D does not change, this finger therefore remains in contact with the object a and continues to feel the impression A. Finally I make the movements corresponding to the series . As is inverse to S, these movements carry the finger to the point previously occupied by the finger D, that is, to the point M. If, as may be supposed, the object a has not budged, this finger will be in contact with this object and will feel anew the impression .... Q.E.D.

Let us see the consequences. I consider a series of muscular sensations Σ. To this series will correspond a point M of the first tactile space. Now take again the two series S and , inverses of one another, of which we have just spoken. To the series S + Σ + will correspond a point N of the second tactile space, since to any series of muscular sensations corresponds, as we have said, a point, whether in the first space or in the second.

I am going to consider the two points N and M , thus defined, as corresponding. What authorizes me so to do? For this correspondence to be admissible, it is necessary that if two points M and M´ , corresponding in the first space to two series Σ and Σ´, are identical, so also are the two corresponding points of the second space N and N´ , that is, the two points which correspond

193