contains, in its industrial part, nearly 483,000 artisans ( patron-ouvrier s); and independent working-men and women; and about 1,047,000 persons of both sexes, temporarily attached to some industrial establishment.
There are, next, 37,705 industrial establishments, of which the heads employ no hired workmen, but are aided by one or more members of their own families.
We have thus, at least 520,000 workshops belonging to the very small industry.
Next to them come 575,530 workshops and factories, giving occupation to more than 3,000,000 persons. They constitute the bulk of French industry, and their subdivision into small, middle-sized, and great industry is what interests us at this moment.
The most striking point is the immense number of establishments having only from one to ten working-men each. No less than 539,449 such workshops and factories have been tabulated, which makes 94 per cent. of all the establishments in France; and we find in them more than one-third of all workpeople of both sexes engaged in industry — namely, 1,134,700 persons.
Next comes the class, still very numerous (28,626 establishments and 585,000 operatives), where we find only from eleven to fifty workmen per establishment. Nearly two-thirds of these small factories (17,342 establishments, 240,000 workmen) are so small that they give occupation to less than twenty persons each. They thus belong still to the small industry.
After that comes a sudden fall in the figures. There are only 3,865 factories having from fifty-one to 100 employees. This glass and the preceding one contain among them 5 per cent. Of all the industrial establishments, and 27 per cent. Of their employees.