(*) The whole of this chapter is directed against the theories of the Austrian Staff in 1814. It may be taken as the foundation of the modern teaching of the Prussian General Staff. See especially von Kämmer.—ED.

(*) Written shortly after the Great Napoleonic campaigns.

(*) Clausewitz is, of course, thinking of the long-service standing armies of his own youth. Not of the short-service standing armies of to-day (EDITOR).

(*) Beaulieu, Benedek, Bazaine, Buller, Melas, Mack. &c. &c.