Besides these, the following elements, although not very largely distributed in nature, are all more or less well known from their applications to the requirements of everyday life or the arts, either in a free state or in their compounds:—
| Lithium, | Li | = | 7. | In medicine (Li 2 CO 3 ), and in photography (LiBr). | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boron, | B | = | 11. | As borax, B 4 Na 2 O 7 , and as boric anhydride, B 2 O 3 . | |
| Fluorine, | F | = | 19. | As fluor spar, CaF 2 , and as hydrofluoric acid, HF. | |
| Chromium, | Cr | = | 52. | As chromic anhydride, CrO 3 , and potassium dichromate, K 2 Cr 2 O 7 . | |
| Manganese, | Mn | = | 55. | As manganese peroxide, MnO 2 , and potassium permanganate, MnKO 4 . | |
| Cobalt, | Co | = | 59·5. | In smalt and blue glass. | |
| Nickel, | Ni | = | 59·5. | For electro-plating other metals. | |
| Copper, | Cu | = | 63. | The well-known red metal. | |
| Zinc, | Zn | = | 65. | Used for the plates of batteries, roofing, &c. | |
| Arsenic, | As | = | 75. | White arsenic (poison), As 2 O 3 . | |
| Bromine, | Cu | = | 80. | A brown volatile liquid; sodium bromide, NaBr. | |
| Strontium, | Sr | = | 87. | In coloured fires (SrN 2 O 6 ). | |
| Silver, | Ag | = | 109. | The well-known white metal. | |
| Cadmium, | Cd | = | 112. | In alloys. Yellow paint (CdS). | |
| Tin, | Sn | = | 119. | The well-known metal. | |
| Antimony, | Sb | = | 120. | In alloys such as type metal. | |
| Iodine, | I | = | 127. | In medicine and photography; free, and as KI. | |
| Barium, | Ba | = | 137. | “Permanent white,” and as an adulterant in white lead, and in heavy spar, BaSO 4 . | |
| Platinum, | Pt | = | 196. | Well-known metals. | |
| Gold, | Au | = | 197. | ||
| Mercury, | Hg | = | 200. | ||
| Lead, | Pb | = | 207. | ||
| Bismuth, | Bi | = | 209. | In medicine and fusible alloys. | |
| Uranium, | U | = | 239. | In green fluorescent glass. |
The compounds of the following metals and semi-metals have fewer applications, but are well known, and are somewhat frequently met with in nature, although in small quantities:—
| Beryllium, | Be | = | 9. | Palladium, | Pd | = | 107. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Titanium, | Ti | = | 48. | Cerium, | Ce | = | 140. | |
| Vanadium, | V | = | 51. | Tungsten, | W | = | 184. | |
| Selenium, | Se | = | 79. | Osmium, | Os | = | 192. | |
| Zirconium, | Zr | = | 91. | Iridium, | Ir | = | 193. | |
| Molybdenum, | Mo | = | 96. | Thallium, | Tl | = | 204. |
The following rare metals are still more seldom met with in nature, but have been studied somewhat fully:—