366 For more detailed calculations see a paper by ãH.M.ã [? H. Munro], in Q. J. M. S. VI, p. 83, 1858.
367 Cf. Hartog, The Dual Force of the Dividing Cell, Science Progress (n.s.), I, Oct. 1907, and other papers. Also Baltzer, Ueber mehrpolige Mitosen bei Seeigeleiern, Inaug. Diss. 1908.
368 Observations sur les Abeilles, Mûˋm. Acad. Sc. Paris, 1712, p. 299.
369 As explained by Leslie Ellis, in his essay ãOn the Form of Beesã Cells,ã in Mathematical and other Writings, 1853, p. 353; cf. O. Terquem, Nouv. Ann. Math. 1856, p. 178.
370 Phil. Trans. XLII, 1743, pp. 565ã571.
371 Mûˋm. de lãAcad. de Berlin, 1781.
372 Cf. Gregory, Examples, p. 106, Woodãs Homes without Hands, 1865, p. 428, Mach, Science of Mechanics, 1902, p. 453, etc., etc.
373 Origin of Species, ch. VIII (6th ed., p. 221). The cells of various bees, humble-bees and social wasps have been described and mathôÙeôÙmatôÙiôÙcally investigated by K. Mû¥llenhoff, Pflû¥gerãs Archiv XXXII, p. 589, 1883; but his many interesting results are too complex to epitomise. For figures of various nests and combs see (e.g.) von Bû¥ttel-Reepen, Biol. Centralbl. XXXIII, pp. 4, 89, 129, 183, 1903.
374 Darwin had a somewhat similar idea, though he allowed more play to the beeãs instinct or conscious intention. Thus, when he noticed certain half-completed cell-walls to be concave on one side and convex on the other, but to become perfectly flat when restored for a short time to the hive, he says: ãIt was absolutely impossible, from the extreme thinness of the little plate, that they could have effected this by gnawing away the convex side; and I suspect that the bees in such cases stand on opposite sides and push and bend the ductile and warm wax (which as I have tried is easily done) into its proper intermediate plane, and thus flatten it.ã