415 Japp, Stereometry and Vitalism, Brit. Ass. Rep. (Bristol), p. 813, 1898; cf. also a voluminous discussion in Nature, 1898ã9.
416 They represent the general theorem of which particular cases are found, for instance, in the asymmetry of the ferments (or enzymes) which act upon asymmetrical bodies, the one fitting the other, according to Emil Fischerãs well-known phrase, as lock and key. Cf. his Bedeutung der Stereochemie fû¥r die Physiologie, Z. f. physiol. Chemie, V, p. 60, 1899, and various papers in the Ber. d. d. chem. Ges. from 1894.
417 In accordance with Emil Fischerãs conception of ãasymmetric synthesis,ã it is now held to be more likely that the process is synthetic than analytic: more likely, that is to say, that the plant builds up from the first one asymmetric body to the exclusion of the other, than that it ãselectsã or ãpicks outã (as Japp supposed) the right-handed or the left-handed molecules from an original, optically inactive, mixture of the two; cf. A. McKenzie, Studies in Asymmetric Synthesis, Journ. Chem. Soc. (Trans.), LXXXV, p. 1249, 1904.
418 See for a fuller discussion, Hans Przibram, VitalitûÊt, 1913, Kap. iv, Stoffwechsel (Assimilation und Katalyse).
419 Cf. Cotton, Ann. de Chim. et de Phys. (7), VIII, pp. 347ã432 (cf. p. 373), 1896.
420 Byk, A., Zur Frage der Spaltbarkeit von Razemverbindungen durch Zirkularpolarisiertes Licht, ein Beitrag zur primûÊren Entstehung optisch-activer Substanzen, Zeitsch. f. physikal. Chemie, XLIX, p. 641, 1904. It must be admitted that further positive evidence on these lines is still awanting.
423 Rainey, G., On the Elementary Formation of the Skeletons of Animals, and other Hard Structures formed in connection with Living Tissue, Brit. For. Med. Ch. Rev. XX, pp. 451ã476, 1857; published separately with additions, 8vo. London, 1858. For other papers by Rainey on kindred subjects see Q. J. M. S. VI (Tr. Microsc. Soc.), pp. 41ã50, 1858, VII, pp. 212ã225, 1859, VIII, pp. 1ã10, 1860, I (n. s.), pp. 23ã32, 1861. Cf. also Ord, W. M., On Molecular Coalescence, and on the influence exercised by Colloids upon the Forms of Inorganic Matter, Q. J. M. S. XII, pp. 219ã239, 1872; and also the early but still interesting observations of Mr Charles Hatchett, Chemical Experiments on Zoophytes; with some observations on the component parts of Membrane, Phil. Trans. 1800. pp. 327ã402.
424 Cf. Quincke, Ueber unsichtbare Flû¥ssigkeitsschichten, Ann. der Physik, 1902.