For the development of the higher culture it was necessary that men of lower civilization should have existed, for none but they could be a substitute for the technical instrument without which higher develop¬ ment was inconceivable. In its beginnings human culture certainly depended less on the tamed beast and more on employment of inferior human material.
It was not until the conquered races had been enslaved that a like fate fell on the animal world ; the contrary was not the case, as many would like to believe. For it was the slave who first drew the plough, and after him the horse. None but pacifist fools can look on this as yet another token of human depravity ; others must see clearly that this development was bound to happen in order to arrive at a state of things in which those apostles are able to loose their foolish talk on the world.
Human progress is like ascending an endless ladder ; a man cannot climb higher unless he has first mounted the lowest rung. Thus the Aryan had to follow the road leading him to realization, and not the one which exists in the dreams of a modern pacifist.
But the road which the Aryan had to tread was clearly marked out. As a conqueror he overthrew the inferior men, and their work was done under his con¬ trol, according to his will and for his purposes. But while extracting useful, if hard, work out of his subject, he not only protected their lives, but also perhaps gave them an existence better than their former so-called freedom. As long as he continued to look on himself as the overlord, he not only maintained his mastery but he was also the upholder and fosterer of culture. But as soon as the subjects began to raise themselves and—probably—to assimilate their language to that of the conqueror, the sharp barrier between lord and servant fell. The