• The removal of the Papal See from Rome to Avignon. The principal points of the allegory of this canto may be summed up as follows. The triumphal chariot, the Church; the seven Nymphs, the Virtues Cardinal and Evangelical; the seven candlesticks, the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit; the tree of knowledge, Rome; the Eagle, the Imperial power; the Fox, heresy; the Dragon, Muhammad; the shameless whore, Pope Boniface the Eighth; and the giant, Philip the Fair of France. ↩
• In this canto Dante is made to drink of the river Eunoë, the memory of things good. Psalm 79, beginning:⁠— “O God, the heathen are come into thine inheritance; thy holy temple have they defiled.” The three Evangelical and four Cardinal Virtues chant this psalm, alternately responding to each other. The Latin words must be chanted, in order to make the lines rhythmical, with an equal emphasis on each syllable. ↩
• When their singing was ended. ↩
• John 16:16:⁠— “A little while, and ye shall not see me: and again, a little while, and ye shall see me; because I go to the Father.” ↩
• Dante, Matilda, and Statius. ↩