On account of the great slaughter made by Augustus in his battles with Mark Antony and his brother Lucius, in the neighborhood of these cities. ↩

Augustus closed the gates of the temple of Janus as a sign of universal peace, in the year of Christ’s birth. ↩

Tiberius Caesar. ↩

The crucifixion of Christ, in which the Romans took part in the person of Pontius Pilate. ↩

The destruction of Jerusalem under Titus, which avenged the crucifixion. ↩

When the Church was assailed by the Lombards, who were subdued by Charlemagne. ↩