Sicily, called of old Trinacria, from its three promontories Peloro, Pachino, and Lilibeo. ↩

Pachino is the southeastern promontory of Sicily, and Peloro the northeastern. Between them lies the Gulf of Catania, receiving with open arms the east wind. Horace speaks of Eurus as “riding the Sicilian seas.” ↩

Both Pindar and Ovid speak of the giant Typhoeus, as struck by Jove’s thunderbolt, and lying buried under Aetna. Virgil says it is Enceladus, a brother of Typhoeus. Charles Martel here gives the philosophical, not the poetical, cause of the murky atmosphere of the bay. ↩

Through him from his grandfather Charles of Anjou, and his father-in-law the Emperor Rudolph. ↩