51), called presently afterwards (line 81) malignant air, just as the gray cliffs are called malignant cliffs.”

“In describing a simple twilight⁠—not a Hades twilight, but an ordinarily fair evening⁠—( Inferno II 1), he says, the ‘brown’ air took the animals away from their fatigues;⁠—the waves under Charon’s boat are ‘brown’ ( Inferno III 117); and Lethe, which is perfectly clear and yet dark, as with oblivion, is ‘bruna-bruna,’ ‘brown’ exceeding brown.’ Now, clearly in all these cases no warmth