APPENDIX V

of fine silver to 14 florins 24 kreutzers. At the same time it was resolved to declare the ducat at 3 florins (mark of fine gold = 203 florins 49 kreutzers, 3 31⁄71 pfennige), the ratio being accordingly changed from 15 to 141⁄8.

In 1667 this scheme was provisionally adopted in comitiis. From this scheme Saxony and Brandenburg held off, maintaining that the advance of the Reichs thaler was not sufficient. They accordingly, in the same year, adopted the so-called Zinnaische standard, setting the Reichs thaler at 1 florin 45 kreutzers (105 kreutzers), equal to 18 good groschens (mark of fine silver = 10 1⁄2 thalers, or 15 florins 45 kreutzers). Page 372

The enactment of this system gave rise to a new species of heavy silver coins:—

Two years later, 1669, the three Higher Circles determined, as